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		<title>You&apos;ll never walk alone</title>
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			<title>Jacobi Iterasiton with Rotasi Diagonal Matrix</title>
			<description>&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;INPUTAN &lt;br&gt;berupa SPL yang dimasukkan dalam array. jumlah array NXN (3x3, 5x5, dll)&lt;br&gt;mis :&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;4 -1 1 8&lt;br&gt;3 6 2 9&lt;br&gt;2 4 2 7&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;jika persamaannya liniernya adalah Ax=b&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;dengan asumsi untuk semua kolom ke 4 (array [jumlah kolom]) adalah b&lt;br&gt;dan baris == kolom adalah A &amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt; jika dalam SPL ini baris ==kolom adalah 3x3&lt;br&gt;data array diatas disimpan pada (&quot;C:/menix.txt&quot; atau disimpan sesuai keinginan user)&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;ALGORITMA JACOBI&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;1. index nilai matrix persamaan dalam array&lt;br&gt;2. rotasi jika persamaan memiliki kemungkinan untuk diagonal dominan&lt;br&gt;3. masukkan nilai tebakan awal, max_error, max_iterasi&lt;br&gt;4. masukkan nilai index dalam rumus jacobi&lt;br&gt;5. output&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Program Java code:&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Courier New&quot;&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Courier New&quot;&gt; /&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;*&lt;br&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Courier New&quot;&gt;------Deklarasi Variable-----&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;* baris&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; : index ...</description>
			<content:encoded>&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;INPUTAN &lt;br&gt;berupa SPL yang dimasukkan dalam array. jumlah array NXN (3x3, 5x5, dll)&lt;br&gt;mis :&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;4 -1 1 8&lt;br&gt;3 6 2 9&lt;br&gt;2 4 2 7&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;jika persamaannya liniernya adalah Ax=b&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;dengan asumsi untuk semua kolom ke 4 (array [jumlah kolom]) adalah b&lt;br&gt;dan baris == kolom adalah A &amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt; jika dalam SPL ini baris ==kolom adalah 3x3&lt;br&gt;data array diatas disimpan pada (&quot;C:/menix.txt&quot; atau disimpan sesuai keinginan user)&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;ALGORITMA JACOBI&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;1. index nilai matrix persamaan dalam array&lt;br&gt;2. rotasi jika persamaan memiliki kemungkinan untuk diagonal dominan&lt;br&gt;3. masukkan nilai tebakan awal, max_error, max_iterasi&lt;br&gt;4. masukkan nilai index dalam rumus jacobi&lt;br&gt;5. output&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Program Java code:&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Courier New&quot;&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Courier New&quot;&gt; /&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;*&lt;br&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Courier New&quot;&gt;------Deklarasi Variable-----&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;* baris&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; : index baris&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;* kolom&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; : index kolom&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;* data&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; : array untuk menampung nilai Matrix&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;* max&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; : array untk menampung nilai max pada kolom/baris&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;* temp&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; : temporari sementara untuk menampung nilai&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;*/&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;import java.io.*;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;public class Jacobi_Iteration {&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; public static int baris = 0, kolom = 0;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; public static int data[][];&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; public static int max[];&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; public static double zigma;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; public static double sigma[];&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; public static double a[];&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; public static double b[];&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; public static int eoc;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception {&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; File file = new File(&quot;C:/menik.txt&quot;);&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; //cek keberadaan file&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; if (!file.exists() || !file.canRead()) {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; System.out.println(&quot;Tidak bisa terbaca&quot; + file);&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; }&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; boolean status = true;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; try {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; BufferedReader fin = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(file));&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; BufferedReader fin2 = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(file));&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; String line, temp7, temp6 = &quot;&quot;;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; while ((line = fin.readLine()) != null) {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; //mencari jumlah baris dan kolom&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; if (!(line.equalsIgnoreCase(&quot;&quot;))) {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; baris++;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; for (int y = 0; y &lt; line.length(); y++) {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; temp7 = line.substring(y, y + 1);&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; if ((temp7.equalsIgnoreCase(&quot; &quot;))) {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; kolom++;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; temp6 = &quot;&quot;;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; } else {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; temp6 += temp7;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; }&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; }&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; kolom++;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; }&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; System.out.println(&quot;brs &quot; + baris + &quot; kolom &quot; + kolom / baris);&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; }&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; temp6 = &quot;&quot;;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; //mengubah tipe string ke integer&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; data = new int[baris][kolom / baris];&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; max = new int[kolom / baris];&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; sigma = new double[kolom / baris];&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; a = new double[baris];&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; b = new double[baris];&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; int temp = 0, temp2 = 0;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; try {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; while ((line = fin2.readLine()) != null) {&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; if (!(line.equalsIgnoreCase(&quot;&quot;))) {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; for (int i = 0; i &lt; line.length(); i++) {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; temp7 = line.substring(i, i + 1);&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; if (temp7.equalsIgnoreCase(&quot; &quot;)) {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; data[temp][temp2] = Integer.parseInt(temp6);&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; temp2++;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; temp6 = &quot;&quot;;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; } else {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; temp6 += temp7;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; }&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; }&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; data[temp][temp2] = Integer.parseInt(temp6);&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; temp2++;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; temp6 = &quot;&quot;;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; temp++;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; temp2 = 0;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; }&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; }&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; } catch (Exception e) {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; status = false;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; System.out.println(&quot;Sistem persamaan tidak terpenuhi.&quot;);&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; System.out.println(&quot;Jumlah baris &amp;amp; kolom tidak sama. &quot;);&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; }&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; if (status) {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; System.out.println(&quot;jumlah baris : &quot; + baris);&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; System.out.println(&quot;jumlah kolom : &quot; + ((kolom) / baris));&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; print();&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; maxposition();&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; if (cek_max()) {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; rotasi();&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; } else {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; System.out.println(&quot;SPL tidak bisa diagonal Matrix&quot;);&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; }&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; jacobi();&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; }&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; System.out.println(&quot;File tidak ada&quot;);&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; }&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; }&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; //cek kesamaan max&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; public static boolean cek_max() {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; for (int i = 0; i &lt; (baris - 1); i++) {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; for (int j = (i + 1); j &lt; (baris); j++) {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; if (max[i] == max[j]) {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; return false;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; }&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; }&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; }&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; return true;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; }&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; //plot MATRIX&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; public static void print() {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; System.out.println(&quot;Bentuk Matrix&quot;);&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; for (int a = 0; a &lt; baris; a++) {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; for (int b = 0; b &lt; (kolom/baris); b++) {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; System.out.print(data[a][b] + &quot; &quot;);&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; //&amp;nbsp; System.out.print(data[a][kolom/baris] + &quot; &quot;);&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; }&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; System.out.println();&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; }&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; }&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; public static void swap(int a, int b) {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; for (int i = 0; i &lt; (kolom/baris); i++) {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; int temp = data[a][i];&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; data[a][i] = data[b][i];&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; data[b][i] = temp;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; }&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; }&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; public static void rotasi() {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; System.out.println(&quot;&amp;#92;nSyarat : &amp;#92;njika temp1 &amp;gt; (xn)+(xn+1)+ (xn+2) dst&amp;#92;nmaka temp1&amp;gt;tempt3&quot;);&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; System.out.println(&quot;Posisi rotasi Diagonal Matrix&quot;);&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; for (int d = 0; d &lt; baris; d++) {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; System.out.println(d + &quot; :: &quot; + max[d]);&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; }&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; for (int a = 0; a &lt; (baris);) {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; if (a != max[a]) {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; swap(a, max[a]);&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; } else {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; a++;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; }&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; maxposition();&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; }&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; print();&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; }&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; //mencari nilai max pada tiap persamaan&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; public static void maxposition() {&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; //mengambil nilai max pada persamaan&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; for (int i = 0; i &lt; baris; i++) {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; int temp1 = data[i][0];&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; max[i] = 0;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; // zigma[i] = 0;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; int temp3 = 0, temp4 = 0, temp9 = 0;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; boolean cek = false;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; for (int r = 0; r &lt; baris; r++) {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; if (Math.abs(temp1) &lt; Math.abs(data[i][r])) {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; temp1 = Math.abs(data[i][r]);&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; temp4 = r;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; max[i] = r;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; }&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; }&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; //menjumlahkan selain nilai max&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; for (int j = 0; j &lt; baris; j++) {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; if (Math.abs(temp4) != j) {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; temp3 += Math.abs(data[i][j]);&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; temp9 += (data[i][j]);&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; }&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; }&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; //membandingkan nilai max &amp;gt; jumlah nilai yang lainnya&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; if (Math.abs(temp1) &amp;gt; Math.abs(temp3)) {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; cek = true;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; }&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; if (!cek) {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; System.out.println(&quot;Persamaan Tidak Memenuhi Rumus Diagonal Matrix&quot;);&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; print();&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; System.exit(0);&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; }&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; }&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; }&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; public static void jacobi() {&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; double x = 0;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; boolean status = true;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; double err = 0.0000001;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; double input_awal[] = new double[]{1, 2, 2};&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; double input_awal2[] = new double[input_awal.length - 1];&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; int loop = 0, loopmax = 20;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; while (loop &lt; loopmax &amp;amp;&amp;amp; cek(input_awal, input_awal2,err)) {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; System.out.println(&quot;&amp;#92;nloop ke-&quot; + (loop+1));&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; for (int zz = 0; zz &lt; input_awal.length - 1; zz++) {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; input_awal2[zz] = input_awal[zz];&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; }&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; for (int i = 0; i &lt; baris; i++) {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; zigma = 0;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; for (int j = 0; j &lt; baris; j++) {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; if (j != i) {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; zigma = zigma + (data[i][j]) * input_awal[j];&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; sigma[i] = zigma;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; }&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; }&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; // System.out.println(&quot;-------------&quot; + sigma[i]);&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; }&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; for (int k = 0; k &lt; baris; k++) {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; x = (((data[k][baris]) - sigma[k]) / data[k][k]);&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; input_awal[k] = x;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; // System.out.println(&quot;-----&quot; + input_awal[k] + &quot; = &quot; + (data[k][baris]) + &quot; - &quot; + sigma[k] + &quot; / &quot; + (data[k][k]));&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; System.out.println(&quot;x&quot;+k+&quot; = &quot;+input_awal[k] );&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; }&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; loop++;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; }&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; if(loop&amp;gt;=loopmax)&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; status=false;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; System.out.println(&quot;KONVERGEN : &quot; + status);&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; }&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; public static boolean cek(double[] a, double[] b,double error) {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; for (int i = 0; i &lt; a.length - 1; i++) {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; if (Math.abs(a[i] - b[i]) &lt; error) {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; return false;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; }&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; //&amp;nbsp; System.out.println(&quot;Error &quot;+Math.abs(a[i] - b[i])+&quot; &lt; &quot;+ error);&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; }&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; return true;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; }&lt;br&gt;}&lt;br&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/font&gt;</content:encoded>
			<link>https://wolfonline.do.am/news/jacobi_iterasiton_with_rotasi_diagonal_matrix/2011-08-03-29</link>
			<category>Code pRoGram</category>
			<dc:creator>Nazk</dc:creator>
			<guid>https://wolfonline.do.am/news/jacobi_iterasiton_with_rotasi_diagonal_matrix/2011-08-03-29</guid>
			<pubDate>Wed, 03 Aug 2011 13:57:28 GMT</pubDate>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title>Tujuh Lapis Model OSI</title>
			<description>OSI (Open System Interconection) Layer adalah suatu kumpulan lapisan jaringan terbuka yang dikembangkan oleh ISO (International Standart Operational) dengan tujuan untuk menunjang interoperatibilitas jaringan dengan protokol (aturan) yang berbeda-beda. OSI memiliki tujuh lapis. Adapun model lapisannya seperti gambar berikut :&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; src=&quot;https://wolfonline.do.am/Osi-model-jb.png&quot; width=&quot;274&quot; height=&quot;317&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;left&quot;&gt;Adapun keterangannya sbb:&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;img style=&quot;width: 614px; height: 386px;&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; src=&quot;OSI.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;referensi : http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model_OSI&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
			<content:encoded>OSI (Open System Interconection) Layer adalah suatu kumpulan lapisan jaringan terbuka yang dikembangkan oleh ISO (International Standart Operational) dengan tujuan untuk menunjang interoperatibilitas jaringan dengan protokol (aturan) yang berbeda-beda. OSI memiliki tujuh lapis. Adapun model lapisannya seperti gambar berikut :&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; src=&quot;https://wolfonline.do.am/Osi-model-jb.png&quot; width=&quot;274&quot; height=&quot;317&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;left&quot;&gt;Adapun keterangannya sbb:&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;img style=&quot;width: 614px; height: 386px;&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; src=&quot;OSI.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;referensi : http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model_OSI&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content:encoded>
			<link>https://wolfonline.do.am/news/tujuh_lapis_model_osi/2011-04-26-27</link>
			<category>neTwoRk</category>
			<dc:creator>Nazk</dc:creator>
			<guid>https://wolfonline.do.am/news/tujuh_lapis_model_osi/2011-04-26-27</guid>
			<pubDate>Tue, 26 Apr 2011 17:03:59 GMT</pubDate>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title>HTML5</title>
			<description>Woooww....ane takjub brow baru tau ada HTML tipe terbaru. &lt;br&gt;HTML yang ane maksud ini HTML5. HTML5 akan menjadi standar baru &lt;br&gt;untuk HTML, XHTML, dan DOM HTML.Versi sebelumnya dari HTML datang pada tahun 1999.&lt;br&gt;Web telah banyak berubah sejak saat itu.HTML5 masih dalam proses. Namun, &lt;br&gt;sebagian browser modern mempunyai dukungan HTML5.&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Apakah HTML5?&lt;br&gt;HTML5 merupakan kerjasama antara World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) dan Web Hypertext Application Technology Working Group (WHATWG).WHATWG bekerja dengan bentuk web dan aplikasi, dan W3C bekerja dengan XHTML 2.0. Pada tahun 2006, mereka memutuskan untuk bekerja sama dan membuat versi baru dari HTML.[/COLOR]&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Beberapa aturan untuk HTML5 didirikan:&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * Fitur baru harus didasarkan pada HTML, CSS, DOM, dan JavaScript&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * Mengurangi kebutuhan plugin eksternal (seperti Flash)&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * Lebih baik penanganan kesalahan&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * Lebih markup untuk menggantikan...</description>
			<content:encoded>Woooww....ane takjub brow baru tau ada HTML tipe terbaru. &lt;br&gt;HTML yang ane maksud ini HTML5. HTML5 akan menjadi standar baru &lt;br&gt;untuk HTML, XHTML, dan DOM HTML.Versi sebelumnya dari HTML datang pada tahun 1999.&lt;br&gt;Web telah banyak berubah sejak saat itu.HTML5 masih dalam proses. Namun, &lt;br&gt;sebagian browser modern mempunyai dukungan HTML5.&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Apakah HTML5?&lt;br&gt;HTML5 merupakan kerjasama antara World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) dan Web Hypertext Application Technology Working Group (WHATWG).WHATWG bekerja dengan bentuk web dan aplikasi, dan W3C bekerja dengan XHTML 2.0. Pada tahun 2006, mereka memutuskan untuk bekerja sama dan membuat versi baru dari HTML.[/COLOR]&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Beberapa aturan untuk HTML5 didirikan:&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * Fitur baru harus didasarkan pada HTML, CSS, DOM, dan JavaScript&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * Mengurangi kebutuhan plugin eksternal (seperti Flash)&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * Lebih baik penanganan kesalahan&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * Lebih markup untuk menggantikan scripting&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * HTML5 merupakan perangkat independen&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * Proses pembangunan harus terlihat untuk umum&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Beberapa fitur baru yang paling menarik di HTML5:&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * Unsur kanvas untuk menggambar&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * Elemen-elemen video dan audio untuk media pemutaran&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * Dukungan yang lebih baik untuk penyimpanan offline lokal&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * Baru spesifik elemen konten, seperti artikel, footer, header, nav, bagian&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * New bentuk kontrol, seperti kalender, tanggal, waktu, email, url, cari&lt;br&gt;</content:encoded>
			<link>https://wolfonline.do.am/news/html5/2010-12-01-26</link>
			<category>KoMpuTer</category>
			<dc:creator>Nazk</dc:creator>
			<guid>https://wolfonline.do.am/news/html5/2010-12-01-26</guid>
			<pubDate>Wed, 01 Dec 2010 06:02:57 GMT</pubDate>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title>Switch....Case</title>
			<description>&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;
 &lt;w:WordDocument&gt;
 &lt;w:View&gt;Normal&lt;/w:View&gt;
 &lt;w:Zoom&gt;0&lt;/w:Zoom&gt;
 &lt;w:TrackMoves/&gt;
 &lt;w:TrackFormatting/&gt;
 &lt;w:PunctuationKerning/&gt;
 &lt;w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/&gt;
 &lt;w:SaveIfXMLInvalid&gt;false&lt;/w:SaveIfXMLInvalid&gt;
 &lt;w:IgnoreMixedContent&gt;false&lt;/w:IgnoreMixedContent&gt;
 &lt;w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText&gt;false&lt;/w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText&gt;
 &lt;w:DoNotPromoteQF/&gt;
 &lt;w:LidThemeOther&gt;EN-US&lt;/w:LidThemeOther&gt;
 &lt;w:LidThemeAsian&gt;X-NONE&lt;/w:LidThemeAsian&gt;
 &lt;w:LidThemeComplexScript&gt;X-NONE&lt;/w:LidThemeComplexScript&gt;
 &lt;w:Compatibility&gt;
 &lt;w:BreakWrappedTables/&gt;
 &lt;w:SnapToGridInCell/&gt;
 &lt;w:WrapTextWithPunct/&gt;
 &lt;w:UseAsianBreakRules/&gt;
 &lt;w:DontGrowAutofit/&gt;
 &lt;w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/&gt;
 &lt;w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp/&gt;
 &lt;w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables/&gt;
 &lt;w:DontVertAlignInTxbx/&gt;
 &lt;w:Word11KerningPairs/&gt;
 &lt;w:CachedColBalance/&gt;
 &lt;/w:Compatibility&gt;
 &lt;w:BrowserLevel&gt;MicrosoftInternetExplorer4&lt;/w:BrowserLevel&gt;
 &lt;m:mathPr&gt;
 &lt;m:mathFont m:val=&quot;Cambria Math&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;m:brkBin m:val=&quot;before&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;m:brkBinSub m:val=...</description>
			<content:encoded>&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;
 &lt;w:WordDocument&gt;
 &lt;w:View&gt;Normal&lt;/w:View&gt;
 &lt;w:Zoom&gt;0&lt;/w:Zoom&gt;
 &lt;w:TrackMoves/&gt;
 &lt;w:TrackFormatting/&gt;
 &lt;w:PunctuationKerning/&gt;
 &lt;w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/&gt;
 &lt;w:SaveIfXMLInvalid&gt;false&lt;/w:SaveIfXMLInvalid&gt;
 &lt;w:IgnoreMixedContent&gt;false&lt;/w:IgnoreMixedContent&gt;
 &lt;w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText&gt;false&lt;/w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText&gt;
 &lt;w:DoNotPromoteQF/&gt;
 &lt;w:LidThemeOther&gt;EN-US&lt;/w:LidThemeOther&gt;
 &lt;w:LidThemeAsian&gt;X-NONE&lt;/w:LidThemeAsian&gt;
 &lt;w:LidThemeComplexScript&gt;X-NONE&lt;/w:LidThemeComplexScript&gt;
 &lt;w:Compatibility&gt;
 &lt;w:BreakWrappedTables/&gt;
 &lt;w:SnapToGridInCell/&gt;
 &lt;w:WrapTextWithPunct/&gt;
 &lt;w:UseAsianBreakRules/&gt;
 &lt;w:DontGrowAutofit/&gt;
 &lt;w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/&gt;
 &lt;w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp/&gt;
 &lt;w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables/&gt;
 &lt;w:DontVertAlignInTxbx/&gt;
 &lt;w:Word11KerningPairs/&gt;
 &lt;w:CachedColBalance/&gt;
 &lt;/w:Compatibility&gt;
 &lt;w:BrowserLevel&gt;MicrosoftInternetExplorer4&lt;/w:BrowserLevel&gt;
 &lt;m:mathPr&gt;
 &lt;m:mathFont m:val=&quot;Cambria Math&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;m:brkBin m:val=&quot;before&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;m:brkBinSub m:val=&quot;--&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;m:smallFrac m:val=&quot;off&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;m:dispDef/&gt;
 &lt;m:lMargin m:val=&quot;0&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;m:rMargin m:val=&quot;0&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;m:defJc m:val=&quot;centerGroup&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;m:wrapIndent m:val=&quot;1440&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;m:intLim m:val=&quot;subSup&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;m:naryLim m:val=&quot;undOvr&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;/m:mathPr&gt;&lt;/w:WordDocument&gt;
&lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;
 &lt;w:LatentStyles DefLockedState=&quot;false&quot; DefUnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
 DefSemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; DefQFormat=&quot;false&quot; DefPriority=&quot;99&quot;
 LatentStyleCount=&quot;267&quot;&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;0&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Normal&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 1&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 2&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 3&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 4&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 5&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 6&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 7&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 8&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 9&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 1&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 2&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 3&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 4&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 5&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 6&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 7&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 8&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 9&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;35&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;caption&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;10&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Title&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;1&quot; Name=&quot;Default Paragraph Font&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;11&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Subtitle&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;22&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Strong&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;20&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Emphasis&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;59&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Table Grid&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Placeholder Text&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;1&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;No Spacing&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
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 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Revision&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;34&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;List Paragraph&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;29&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Quote&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;30&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
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 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
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 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
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 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
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 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
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 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
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 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
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 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
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 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
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 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
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&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Switch
case adalah alternative penggunaan dari if …else.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; src=&quot;case.jpg&quot; width=&quot;267&quot; align=&quot;right&quot; height=&quot;250&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt; Switch..case mampu mendeteksi
gerakan yang di inginkan pengguna secara mudah. Pada contoh dibawah ini jika
kita ingin memilih case 3 maka pilihan yang kita inputkan pun harus tiga.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; font-family: &quot;Courier New&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; font-family: &quot;Courier New&quot;;&quot;&gt;import
java.util.Scanner ;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;



&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; font-family: &quot;Courier New&quot;;&quot;&gt;public class
Case {&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; font-family: &quot;Courier New&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;public static void main(String args[])&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; font-family: &quot;Courier New&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; font-family: &quot;Courier New&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;int data ;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; font-family: &quot;Courier New&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; font-family: &quot;Courier New&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;System.out.print(&quot; Masukkan
Pilihan : &quot; );&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; font-family: &quot;Courier New&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;pilih = input.nextInt();// input nilai pilihan&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; font-family: &quot;Courier New&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; font-family: &quot;Courier New&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;switch (pilih)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; font-family: &quot;Courier New&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; font-family: &quot;Courier New&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;case 1 :
System.out.println(&quot;querty&quot;);&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; font-family: &quot;Courier New&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;break;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;



&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; font-family: &quot;Courier New&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;case 2 :
System.out.println(&quot;pancock&quot;);&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; font-family: &quot;Courier New&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;break;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; font-family: &quot;Courier New&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;case 3 :
System.out.println(&quot;bounty017&quot;);&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; font-family: &quot;Courier New&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;break;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; font-family: &quot;Courier New&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;}&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;}&lt;/p&gt;</content:encoded>
			<link>https://wolfonline.do.am/news/switch_case/2010-11-25-25</link>
			<category>Code pRoGram</category>
			<dc:creator>Nazk</dc:creator>
			<guid>https://wolfonline.do.am/news/switch_case/2010-11-25-25</guid>
			<pubDate>Thu, 25 Nov 2010 00:40:04 GMT</pubDate>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title>Stack</title>
			<description>&lt;b&gt;Stack &lt;/b&gt;adalah tumpukan dari struktur data.&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; src=&quot;https://wolfonline.do.am/Stack.jpg&quot; align=&quot;right&quot; width=&quot;293&quot; height=&quot;210&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt; Stack digunakan oleh sistem operasi saat terjadi interupsi, misal interupsi waktu maupun interupsi yang berasal dari pengguna. Jika sudah terjadi interupsi, sistem operasi akan menyimpan&amp;nbsp; nilai peubah kedalam suatu stack. Hal ini ditujukan jika interupsi sudah berakhir, sistem akan kembali ke state awal sebelum interupsi terjadi.&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Stack dapat dibayangkan sebagai suatu keranjang. cara kerja stack sama dengan cara kita menaruh sesuatu di keranjang. jika memasuukan barang A ke keranjang di urutan awal maka saat pengambilan, barang A tersebut di urutan terakhir.&lt;br&gt;misal :&lt;br&gt;A-B-C-D *saat menaruh &lt;br&gt;D-C-B-A *saat mengambil&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;result_box&quot; class=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;id&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; title=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;O&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; title=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;perasi dasar...</description>
			<content:encoded>&lt;b&gt;Stack &lt;/b&gt;adalah tumpukan dari struktur data.&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; src=&quot;https://wolfonline.do.am/Stack.jpg&quot; align=&quot;right&quot; width=&quot;293&quot; height=&quot;210&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt; Stack digunakan oleh sistem operasi saat terjadi interupsi, misal interupsi waktu maupun interupsi yang berasal dari pengguna. Jika sudah terjadi interupsi, sistem operasi akan menyimpan&amp;nbsp; nilai peubah kedalam suatu stack. Hal ini ditujukan jika interupsi sudah berakhir, sistem akan kembali ke state awal sebelum interupsi terjadi.&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Stack dapat dibayangkan sebagai suatu keranjang. cara kerja stack sama dengan cara kita menaruh sesuatu di keranjang. jika memasuukan barang A ke keranjang di urutan awal maka saat pengambilan, barang A tersebut di urutan terakhir.&lt;br&gt;misal :&lt;br&gt;A-B-C-D *saat menaruh &lt;br&gt;D-C-B-A *saat mengambil&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;result_box&quot; class=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;id&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; title=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;O&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; title=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;perasi dasar&lt;/b&gt; yang dapat dilakukan pada setiap stack:&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; title=&quot;&quot;&gt;1. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; title=&quot;&quot;&gt;Empty () - ini akan menghancurkan isi dari stack, meninggalkannya kosong.&lt;br&gt;2. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span title=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; title=&quot;&quot;&gt;Push (Elemen) - Hal ini menempatkan elemen baru di atas tumpukan.&lt;br&gt;3.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; title=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; title=&quot;&quot;&gt;Pop () - ini menghapus elemen puncak dari stack dan kembali ke pengguna.&lt;br&gt;4. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; title=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; title=&quot;&quot;&gt;Top () - ini mengembalikan elemen atas untuk user, tetapi tidak mempengaruhi stack.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; title=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;5. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; title=&quot;&quot;&gt;IsEmpty () - ini mengembalikan nilai true jika stack kosong, selain itu returns false.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;b&gt;Contoh Source Code : &lt;/b&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Courier New&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;import java.io.BufferedReader;&lt;br&gt;import java.io.InputStreamReader;&lt;br&gt;import java.io.IOException;&lt;br&gt;import java.util.Stack;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;public class Tumpuk&lt;br&gt;{&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; private static Stack &lt;Integer&amp;gt; stack;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; private static int ukuran;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; public static void main (String [] args)&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; System.out.print (&quot;Berapa Ukuran Stack : &quot;);&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; ukuran = inputData ();//menetukan ukuran stack&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; buatStack (ukuran);//membaca dan memasukkan bilangan bulat ke stack&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; bacaData ();//mengeluarkan data di stack&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; tulisData ();&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; }&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; //metode menampilakn data ke console&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; private static void tulisData()&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; System.out.println(&quot;Isi Stack adalah &quot;);&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; int dataStack;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; for (int i = 0 ; i &lt; ukuran ; i++)&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; dataStack = stack.pop();//metode mengeluarkan elemen&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; System.out.println(&quot;Nilainya = &quot; + dataStack);&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; }&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; }&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; //metode untuk &lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; private static void bacaData()&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; int data ;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; System.out.println (&quot;Masukkan nilai-nilai Stack : &quot;);&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; for (int i= 0 ; i&lt; ukuran ; i++)&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; System.out.println(&quot;Data ke-&quot;+ i+1 + &quot; : &quot;);&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; data=inputData();&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; stack.push(data);//memasukkan data&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; }&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; }&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; // membuat stack yang akan menampung bilangan bulat&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; private static void buatStack(int ukuran)&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; stack = new Stack&lt;Integer&amp;gt;();&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; }&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; //metode utnuk membaca bilangan integer&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; private static Integer inputData()&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; BufferedReader&amp;nbsp; bfr = new BufferedReader (new InputStreamReader (System.in));&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; String angkaInput = null;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; try&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; angkaInput =&amp;nbsp; bfr.readLine();&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; }&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; catch (IOException e)&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; {&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; e.printStackTrace();&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; }&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; int Data = Integer.valueOf(angkaInput).intValue();&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; return Data ;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; }&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;}&lt;br&gt;&lt;/font&gt;</content:encoded>
			<link>https://wolfonline.do.am/news/stack/2010-11-03-24</link>
			<category>Code pRoGram</category>
			<dc:creator>Nazk</dc:creator>
			<guid>https://wolfonline.do.am/news/stack/2010-11-03-24</guid>
			<pubDate>Tue, 02 Nov 2010 23:29:36 GMT</pubDate>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title>Apa itu PHP ?</title>
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 mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;}
&lt;/style&gt;
&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor) adalah bahasa yang &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; src=&quot;php.jpg&quot; align=&quot;right&quot; width=&quot;334&quot; height=&quot;212&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;berbentuk script yang ditempatkan didalam server dan diproses oleh server.
Hasilnya pemrosesan tersebut akan dikirimkan ke klien atau tempat pemakai
pengguna browser. PHP dirancang khusus untuk membentuk aplikasi Web Dinamis,
artinya ia mampu untuk membentuk tampilan dengan permintaan terkini.PHP
mempunyai fungsi sama dengan script ASP, Cold Fusion, ataupun Perl. PHP dapat
di dpakai secara &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;command line &lt;/i&gt;,
artinya script PHP dapat dijalankan tanpa melibatkan web server maupun browser.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;Sejarah PHP&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Kelahiran PHP berawal saat Rasmus Lerdorf &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;membuat
sejumlah script Perl yang dapat mengamati siapa saja yang melihat daftar
hidupnya, yakni tahun 1994. Kumpulan script tersebut dikemas menjadi &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;tool&lt;/i&gt; yang kemudian disebut sebagai &quot;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Personal Home Page&lt;/i&gt;”. Paket inilah yang
mengawali cikal bakal PHP. Pada Tahun 1995, Rasmus menciptakan PHP versi 2.
Yang menarik, PHP tersebut sudah mampu untuk berkoneksi dengan database dan
melakukan perhitungan yang komplek sambil jalan. Pada awalnya PHP diintegritaskan untuk web server Apache.
Namun belakangan ini PHP mampu bekerja dengan web server PSW(Personal Web
Server), IIS(Internet Information Server), dan Xitami. PHP bersifat bebas
dipakai dan dapat didownload melalui situs &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.php.net/&quot;&gt;http://www.php.net&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Konsep Kerja PHP&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Bagaimana jika yang diminta adalah alamat HTML ? User atau client (browser) meminta suatu alamat web (url)
ke web server. Selanjutnya web server akan mencarikan file yang diminta dan
mengirimkannya ke browser. Browser yang menerima segera menerjemahkan kode HTML
yang dikirimkan kemudian menampilkannya kelayar.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;



&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Bagaimana jika yang diminta adalah alamat PHP ? Secara prinsip hamper sama dengan HTML, namun ketika
berkas PHP yang diminta di dapatkan oleh server, isinya akan dikirimkan ke
mesin PHP dan mesin inilah yang akan memproses dan memberikan hasil (kode HTML)
ke web server. Selanjutnya, web server mengirimkan ke web browser.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Contoh browser : Mozilla. Opera, Flock, Google Chrome,
dll&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</content:encoded>
			<link>https://wolfonline.do.am/news/apa_itu_php/2010-11-02-22</link>
			<category>KoMpuTer</category>
			<dc:creator>Nazk</dc:creator>
			<guid>https://wolfonline.do.am/news/apa_itu_php/2010-11-02-22</guid>
			<pubDate>Tue, 02 Nov 2010 12:29:34 GMT</pubDate>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title>CSS (Cascading Style Sheets)</title>
			<description>&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;b&gt;CSS (Cascading Style Sheets)&lt;/b&gt; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; src=&quot;CsS.jpg&quot; align=&quot;right&quot; width=&quot;291&quot; height=&quot;306&quot;&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;adalah suatu bahasa style sheet yang dituliskan dalam bahasa markup (penanda) dengan tujuan untuk mengatur tampilan dari suatu dokumen atau website yang ditulis. CSS digunakan untuk menentukan warna, jenis huruf, tata letak, style yang lainnya. Sintak CSS terdiri dari tiga bagian, yaitu pemilih (selector), property, dan nilai (value). &lt;i&gt;Selector&lt;/i&gt; adalah elemen atau tag HTML yang akan didefinisikan. &lt;i&gt;Property&lt;/i&gt; adalah atribatu yang akan diganti dengan &lt;i&gt;value&lt;/i&gt; tertentu. properti dan nilai dipisahkan oleh &quot;:&quot; dan diapit oleh &quot;{}&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Contoh &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;property pengaturan text, paragraf, style text&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt; didalam CSS :&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;1. font - family&lt;br&gt;2. font - style&lt;br&gt;3. text - align&lt;br&gt;4. text - decoration&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;5. text - transform&lt;br&gt;6. fonr - variant&lt;br&gt;7. font - w...</description>
			<content:encoded>&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;b&gt;CSS (Cascading Style Sheets)&lt;/b&gt; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; src=&quot;CsS.jpg&quot; align=&quot;right&quot; width=&quot;291&quot; height=&quot;306&quot;&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;adalah suatu bahasa style sheet yang dituliskan dalam bahasa markup (penanda) dengan tujuan untuk mengatur tampilan dari suatu dokumen atau website yang ditulis. CSS digunakan untuk menentukan warna, jenis huruf, tata letak, style yang lainnya. Sintak CSS terdiri dari tiga bagian, yaitu pemilih (selector), property, dan nilai (value). &lt;i&gt;Selector&lt;/i&gt; adalah elemen atau tag HTML yang akan didefinisikan. &lt;i&gt;Property&lt;/i&gt; adalah atribatu yang akan diganti dengan &lt;i&gt;value&lt;/i&gt; tertentu. properti dan nilai dipisahkan oleh &quot;:&quot; dan diapit oleh &quot;{}&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Contoh &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;property pengaturan text, paragraf, style text&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt; didalam CSS :&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;1. font - family&lt;br&gt;2. font - style&lt;br&gt;3. text - align&lt;br&gt;4. text - decoration&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;5. text - transform&lt;br&gt;6. fonr - variant&lt;br&gt;7. font - weight&lt;br&gt;8. white - space&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;properti pengaturan warna, background didalam CSS :&lt;br&gt;1. color&lt;br&gt;2. background - color&lt;br&gt;3. background - image&lt;br&gt;4. background - repeat&lt;br&gt;5. background - attachment&lt;br&gt;6. background - position&lt;br&gt;7. background&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;properti format visual elemen HTML didalam CSS :&lt;br&gt;1. positio &lt;br&gt;2. overflow dan clip&lt;br&gt;3. widht dan weight&lt;br&gt;4. top, right, bottom, dab left&lt;br&gt;5. margin, border, padding&lt;br&gt;6. float dan&amp;nbsp; clear&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;properti pengaturan tabel di dalam CSS :&lt;br&gt;1. border - collapse&lt;br&gt;2. border - spacing&lt;br&gt;3. caption - site&lt;br&gt;4. emty - cells&lt;br&gt;5. table - layout&lt;br&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;br&gt;Contoh Code CSS :&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;/* ************ Transparant Border ************ */&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;#side a:link, #side a:visited, #footer a:link, #footer a:visited, .title a:link, .title a:visited, .tags a:link, .tags a:visited {color:#FF7300;}&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;#side h2, #side caption {text-transform:uppercase; font-size:17px; background:url(&quot;&quot;) repeat-x scroll left top transparent;}&lt;br&gt;#latestposts li {background:url(&quot;&quot;) no-repeat scroll left center transparent;}&lt;br&gt;#friendz li,&amp;nbsp; #friendz a:link, #friendz a:visited, #friendz a:active {background:url(&quot;&quot;) no-repeat scroll left center transparent;}&lt;br&gt;#side #twitter-link, #side #twitter-link:visited {background:url(&quot;&quot;) no-repeat scroll left center transparent;}&lt;br&gt;#calendar{background:url(&quot;&quot;) no-repeat scroll left center transparent;}&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;/* ************Hhhh************ */&lt;br&gt;h2{color:red;text-align:center;font-family : comic sans ms;}&lt;br&gt;a.visited {color : #FF0000;}&lt;br&gt;#visitors li, #visitors a:link, #visitors a:visited, #visitors a:active, #myfavs a:link, #myfavs a:visited, #myfavs a:active {background:url(&quot;&quot;) repeat scroll left center transparent;&lt;br&gt;}&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;/* ************Kode Menu Shadow************ */&lt;br&gt;#menu {height:0px;background-image:none;background:transparent url:none; top left no-repeat;border:10px !important;}&lt;br&gt;#menu ul {min-width:800px;max-width:800px;float:right;}&lt;br&gt;#menu a, #menu a:link, #menu a:visited {background-image:none;&lt;br&gt;border:0px;color:#999999;font-size:17px !important;font-weight:bold;font-family : &quot;Courier New&quot;;}&lt;br&gt;#top #menu a:hover, #menu&lt;br&gt;a#selected:link, #menu b#selected:visited { text-decoration: blink;background-image:none; background:transparent;border:0px;color:red;text-shadow: 2px 2px 4px yellow;}&lt;br&gt;#menu * {background:none !important;}&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;/* ************ Kode Text Shadow ************ */&lt;br&gt;a:visited { text-decoration: blink;font-style:italic;color:red;text-shadow: 2px 2px 4px red;}&lt;br&gt;a:hover { color : red;text-decoration: underline;text-decoration: blink; font-size: 20px; }&lt;br&gt;a:link { text-decoration: blink; color :#FF0000}&amp;nbsp; &lt;br&gt;a:active { text-decoration: none; color :#FD9F02;}&amp;nbsp; &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;/* ************Kode Menu Side Bar************ */&lt;br&gt;#newcomments h2 {color:#FF0000;font-family:comic sans ms;font-size:15px;}&lt;br&gt;#shoutbox h2 { font-family: comic sans ms;font-size:15px; color :#FF0000;}&lt;br&gt;#latestposts h2{font-family: comic sans ms;font-size:15px;color :#FF0000;}&lt;br&gt;#latestcomments h2 {font-family: comic sans ms;font-size:15px;color :#FF0000;}&lt;br&gt;#newcomments h2{font-family: comic sans ms;font-size:15px;color :#FF0000;} &lt;br&gt;#newcomment h2 span: after {font-family: comic sans ms;font-size:15px;color :#FF0000;} &lt;br&gt;#visitors h2{font-family: comic sans ms; font-size:15px;color :#FF0000;}&lt;br&gt;#blogsearch label{font-family: comic sans ms; font-size:15px;color :#FF0000;}&lt;br&gt;#friends label{font-family: comic sans ms;font-size:15px;color :#FF0000;}&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;/* ************ Kode Background ************ */&lt;br&gt;#top2 {height:150px; background:#000 url(http://punkandanimalrights.com/images/PunkRockHeader.jpg);}&lt;br&gt;body {color: orange;}&lt;br&gt;body, #wrap4 {background:#000 url(http://files.myopera.com/Furie/themes/thief.jpg)top center repeat;background-attachment:fixed;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;/* ************Kode Comment************ */&lt;br&gt;.readmore a{content:&quot;lanjutkan_cerita...&quot;;}&lt;br&gt;.comment1 {background: #FFFF01 url ()repeat-y;}&lt;br&gt;.comment2 {background: #blue url ()repeat-y;}&lt;br&gt;.ownercomment {background: #D8D8D8 url()repeat-y;}&lt;br&gt;.comments .text {margin:0 0 0 15px;color:#FF00CC;text-shadow:3px 3px 3px #FFCC33;}&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/font&gt;</content:encoded>
			<link>https://wolfonline.do.am/news/css_cascading_style_sheets/2010-10-29-21</link>
			<category>KoMpuTer</category>
			<dc:creator>Nazk</dc:creator>
			<guid>https://wolfonline.do.am/news/css_cascading_style_sheets/2010-10-29-21</guid>
			<pubDate>Fri, 29 Oct 2010 00:47:00 GMT</pubDate>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title>Major components of AI (Part I)</title>
			<description>&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 18pt; color: rgb(255, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;A.&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: center; text-indent: -0.25in; line-height: normal;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Definisi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-a...</description>
			<content:encoded>&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 18pt; color: rgb(255, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;A.&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: center; text-indent: -0.25in; line-height: normal;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Definisi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Natural language
Processing adalah suatu kemampuan perkembangan teknologi dimana manusia yang
bertindak sebagai pengguna komputer dapat berkomunikasi dengan komputer, contoh
komunikasinya menggunakan bahasa Inggris.&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;Namun didalam hal ini kemampuan untuk mengerti akan makna suatu kalimat
harus di mengerti juga oleh suatu mesin tersebut,seperti halnya manusia yang
bercakap-cakap dengan orang lain.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Tujuan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Tujuan Natural
Language adalah melakukan proses pembuatan komputasi dari bahasa. Hal ini
ditujukan agar computer dan manusia saling berinteraksi dengan perantara bahasa
alami. Model komputasi ini berguna untuk keperluan ilmiah ,misalnya meneliti
sifat-sifat dari suatu bentuk bahasa alami maupun kehidupan sehari untuk
memudahkan komunikasi manusia dengan computer.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Bidang
Pengetahuan dalam Natural Language antara lain :&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;1.&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Fonetik
dan Fonologi : berhubungan dengan suara dan menghasilkan kata yang dapat
dikenali manusia. Bidang ini memakai &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;metode
speech based system.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;2.&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Morfologi
: adalah pengetahuan tentang kata dan dimanfaat kan untuk membedakan satu kata
dengan kata yang lainnya. Bidang ini juga mampu untuk memisahkan kata dan
elemen lain seperti tanda baca. Contoh :&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpLast&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Going (word)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Go (root)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Ing (suffix)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;3.&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Sintaksis
: yaitu pemahaman urutan kata mengenai pembentukan kalimat dan hubungan antar
kata sehingga terbentuklah kalimat yang sistematis. Contoh : kata S terbentuk
dari noun phrase (NP) dan verb phrase(VP). S&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: Wingdings;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;à&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;
NP,VP.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;4.&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Semantik
: mempelajari mengenai suatu arti kata sehingga arti kata tersebut membentuk
suati arti dari kalimat yang utuh.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;5.&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Pragmatik
: Pengetahuan pada tingkatan ini berkaitan dengan masing- masing kontek yang
berbeda tergantung pada situasi dan tujuan pembuatan system.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;6.&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Discource
Knowledge :&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;kemampuan untuk mengenali
suatu kalimat yang sudah dibaca dan dikenali sebelumnya mempengaruhi arti dari
kalimat selanjutnya.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpLast&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;7.&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Wold
Knowladge : mencakup arti sebuah kata secara umum dan apakah ada arti khusus
bagi suatu kata dalam suatu percakapan dengan konteks tertentu.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Jenis
pengaplikasian Natural Language Processing dapat dibuat dalam dua bidang yaitu
:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraph&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;1.&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;teks
based application contoh penggunaannya dapat berupa:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;•&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Menerjemahkan suatu dokumen dari satu
bahasa ke bahasa lain &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;•&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Mencari isi dari surat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;•&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Mencari topic atau gagasan utama dari
suatu bacaan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraph&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;2.&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Pengaplikasiaan
untuk dialogue based application, diantaranya:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.5in; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;•&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Sistem Tanya jawab, dimana natural
language digunakan untuk mendapatkan suatu informasi dari database.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;•&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Sistem pelayanan otomati melalui
telepon&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;•&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Kontol suara pada peralatan
elektronik.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Contoh&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Adapun
pengaplikasian NLP dalam perkembangan teknologi antara lain :&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;•&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Email
translator&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Alat yang akan
menjawab masalah perbedaan bahasa, karena email translator mampu menterjemahkan
bahasa, seperti yang kita inginkan. Email translator akan menterjemahkan
kalimat-kalimat di dalam mail box, jika email yang kita terima tidak sesuai
dengan bahasa kita sehari-hari.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;•&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Web
translator&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpLast&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Suatu mesin
aplikasi berbasis World Wide Web yang dapat menterjemahkan bahasa dalam suatu
web site. Web translator akan menterjemahkan bahasa di dalam semua link – link,
per page menjadi bahasa seperti yang kita inginkan.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;
 
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;Default&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: center; text-indent: -0.25in;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;B.&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;KNOWLEDGE
REPRESENTATION&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;Default&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;Default&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;Default&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Definisi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;Default&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Knowledge representation mempelajari
bagaimana merepresentasikan pengetahuan ke dalam basis pengetahuan dan menguji
kebenaran penalaran. Cara-cara lama : (1) List, digunakan pada LISP. (2)
Predicate Calculus, digunakan pada Prolog. (3) Tree, untuk heuristic search&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Karakteristik
Knowledge Representation :&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Dapat
diprogramkan &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Dapat
dimanfaatkan untuk penalaran, menggambarkan kesimpulan sebagai fungsi kecerdasan
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Hal yang berhubungan dengan Knowledge Representation :&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Object pengetahuan itu sendiri &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Event: kejadian-kejadian dalam dunia nyata dan
hubungannya &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Performa: bagaimana melakukan suatu tugas
tertentu &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpLast&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Meta knowledge: pengetahuan tentang
pengetahuan yang direpresentasikan &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 13.5pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Penggunaan
Knowledge Representation :&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Acuisition:
mengintegrasikan informasi baru kedalam pengetahuan sistem.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;•&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Dua
level:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpLast&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Courier New&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;o&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Menyusun
fakta ke dalam database&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;Courier New&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;o&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Pembuatan
fungsi untuk mengintegrasikannya dengan cara &quot;belajar dan mengadaptasikannya”
terlebih dahulu &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraph&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Retrieval:
mengingat kembali, menyusun ulang pengetahuan berdasarkan hubungan pengetahuan
terhadap masalah &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;•&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Linking:
mengekstrak informasi baru tersebut &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;•&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Lumping:
mengelompokkan hasil ekstraksi pengetahuan baru tersebut kedalam struktur yang
lebih besar seperti yang dibutuhkan dalam menyelesaikan masalah &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraph&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Reasoning:
pengetahuan digunakan untuk menalar suatu permasalahan &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;•&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Formal
reasoning: menggunakan logika proporsional &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;•&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Procedural
reasoning: menggunakan aturan produksi ( IF-THEN)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;•&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Analogical
reasoning: sangat sulit &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;Default&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Representasi yang baik, memiliki
beberapa criteria sebagai berikut:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;Default&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;Courier New&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;o&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Mengemukakan
hal secara eksplisit&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;Default&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;Courier New&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;o&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Membuat
masalah menjadi transparan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;Default&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;Courier New&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;o&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Komplit
dan efisien&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;Default&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;Courier New&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;o&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Menampilkan
batasan-batasan alami yang ada&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;Default&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;Courier New&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;o&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Menekan/menghilangkan
detail-detail yang diperlukan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;Default&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;Courier New&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;o&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Dapat
dilakukan komputasi.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;Default&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1.5in; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; color: black;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-indent: 27pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; color: black;&quot;&gt;Pola representasi menurut&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Mylopoulos&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;dan&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Levesque diklasifikasikan
menjadi empat,diantaranya:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraph&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Representasi Logika &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Representasi ini menggunakan&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;ekspresi-ekspresi dalam&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;logika&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;formal. Representasi&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;logika&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;terdiri&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;dari&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;dua&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;jenis&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;yaitu Kalkulus proposisional&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;(Propositional&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;logic)&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;dan Kalkulus predikatif (Predicate logic).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 13.5pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Kalkulus
Proposisional&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt; (Propositional Logic)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Proposisi adalah suatu model untuk
mendeklarasikan suatu fakta. Lambang-lambang kalkulus proposisional :&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Wingdings;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Ø&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Lambang
pernyataan proposisional : P,Q,R,S,T,... (disebut sebagai atom-atom) &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Wingdings;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Ø&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Lambang
kebenaran : benar (True) , salah (False)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Wingdings;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Ø&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Lambang
penghubung : &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Cambria Math&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;∧&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;
(konjungsi), &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Cambria Math&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;∨&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;
(disjungsi), &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Cambria Math&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;∼&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;
(negasi), → (implikasi), ↔ (Bi-implikasi), ≡ (equivalen)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Kalkulus predikatif (Predicate logic).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Kalkulus
predikatif adalah satu formula yang terdiri dari suatu fungsi, formula,
variable dan konstatnta. Kalkulus predikatif ini mempresentaikan hal-hal yang
tidak di presentasikan pada kalkulus proporsional. Pada logika ini kita dapat
menampilkan suatu fakta sebagai pernyataan yang disebut &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;well formed formula(wff).&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: center;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Fungsi
nya&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;: &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;PREDICATE (Individual [object]1,
Individual [object]2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpLast&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Examples:&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% silver;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Wingdings;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Ø&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;John
likes Mary&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;LIKES(John,
Mary)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Wingdings;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Ø&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;The
door is open&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;OPEN(door)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Wingdings;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Ø&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;The
tire is flat&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;FLAT(tire)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Wingdings;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Ø&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Chris
is a man&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;man(Chris)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Representasi&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Prosedural&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Menggambarkan
pengetahuan&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;sebagai&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;sekumpulan instruksi untuk memecahkan suatu
masalah. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Representasi&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Network&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Pengetahuan
pada sebuah graf dimana simpul-simpulnya menggambarkan obyek atau konsep dalam
masalah yang dihadapi, sedangkan lengkungan-lengkungannya menggambarkan
hubungan atau&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;asosiasi antar mereka.
Contohnya adalah jaringan semantic yaitu merupakan gambaran pengetahuan grafis
yang menunjukkan hubungan antar berbagai objek.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Representasi Terstruktur &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Digunakan untuk memperluas network dengan cara
membuat setiap simpulnya menjadi sebuah struktur data kompleks yang berisi
tempat-tempat bernama slot dengan&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;nilai-nilai tertentu.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpLast&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Contoh&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;:&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;skrip&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;(script),&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;bingkai&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;(frame)&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;dan obyek (object).&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;Default&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;Default&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Beberapa
keuntungan dari representasi pengetahuan yaitu:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;Default&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Wingdings;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;§&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Dengan representasi yang baik,
membuat objek dan relasi yang penting menjadi jelas&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;Default&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Wingdings;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;§&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Representasi menyingkap
constraint (batasan) dalam suatu permasalahan.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;Default&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Wingdings;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;§&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Dengan representasi kita akan
dapatkan objek dan relasi secara bersama-sama.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Contoh&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Adapun
pengaplikasian dengan menggunakan Knowledge Representation :&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Modelling
advisory strategy&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpLast&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;System ini kadang mencakup intelligent
help yang membuat modeling advisory atau strategi tutorial. Dengan menyediakan
system bantuan dengan tipe informasi ini memungkinkan tidak hanya memiliki
advis yang sesuai untuk user tetapi juga menggunakan metode pemberian advis.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</content:encoded>
			<link>https://wolfonline.do.am/news/major_components_of_ai_part_i/2010-10-20-18</link>
			<category>tuGas camPuz</category>
			<dc:creator>Nazk</dc:creator>
			<guid>https://wolfonline.do.am/news/major_components_of_ai_part_i/2010-10-20-18</guid>
			<pubDate>Wed, 20 Oct 2010 12:44:20 GMT</pubDate>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title>Major components of AI (Part II)</title>
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 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
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 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;19&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Subtle Emphasis&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;21&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Emphasis&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;31&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Subtle Reference&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;32&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Reference&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;33&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
 UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Book Title&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;37&quot; Name=&quot;Bibliography&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;TOC Heading&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;/w:LatentStyles&gt;
&lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 10]&gt;
&lt;style&gt;
 /* Style Definitions */
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 {mso-style-name:&quot;Table Normal&quot;;
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 mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
 mso-para-margin-top:0in;
 mso-para-margin-right:0in;
 mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;
 mso-para-margin-left:0in;
 line-height:115%;
 mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
 font-size:11.0pt;
 font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;
 mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
 mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
 mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
 mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;}
&lt;/style&gt;
&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;
 &lt;o:shapedefaults v:ext=&quot;edit&quot; spidmax=&quot;1028&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;
 &lt;o:shapelayout v:ext=&quot;edit&quot;&gt;
 &lt;o:idmap v:ext=&quot;edit&quot; data=&quot;1&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;/o:shapelayout&gt;&lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 18pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(255, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;C. AUTOMATED REASONING&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.25in;&quot;&gt;



&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Definisi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;



&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Automated
Reasoning adalah seni dan ilmu yang menjadikan komputer untuk&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;menerapkan penalaran logis dalam memecahkan
masalah, misalnya untuk membuktikan teorema, memecahkan teka-teki, sirkuit
desain, verifikasi atau mensintesis program komputer. Objek &lt;em&gt;penalaran
otomatis&lt;/em&gt; adalah menulis program komputer yang membantu dalam memecahkan
masalah dan dalam menjawab pertanyaan-pertanyaan yang membutuhkan penalaran.
Bantuan yang diberikan oleh program penalaran otomatis tersedia dalam dua modus
yang berbeda.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;



&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraph&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; color: black;&quot;&gt;Aspek
penting dalam memecahkan suatu masalah utama dalam suatu program adalah
menemukan jawaban dari suatu teka teki dan kemudian memutuskan bahaasa apa yang
digunakan untuk mewakili dalam pemberian informasi tentang bagaimana cara
memecahkan teka teki tersebut,setelah menyelesaikan semua itu maka akan dapat
menarik kesimpulan. Jika suatu program telah berjalan maka programmer akan
membuat komputasi yang kiranya rumit menjadi lebih efisien. Ketika penelitan
utama dari pekerjaan telah didapatkan maka dibuat di buat kerangka teori yang
didalanya membahas beberapa point diantara adalah automated reasoning yang
pembahasan didalamnya menjawab segala pertanyaan didalam suatu masalah dengan
logika dan matematika.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;



&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; color: black;&quot;&gt;Beberapa metode
yang digunakan dalam automata dalam mengambil sebuah keputusan, diantaranya &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; color: black;&quot;&gt;kalkulasi sekuensial, Deduksi ,
Metode hubungan matriks, term rewriting, induksi matematika.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;



&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.75in; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; color: black;&quot;&gt;Contohnya:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;



&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 1.25in; text-indent: -0.25in; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Symbol; color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; color: black;&quot;&gt;Logika Pemrograman&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;



&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 1.25in; text-indent: -0.25in; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Symbol; color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; color: black;&quot;&gt;Aljabar Komputer Deduktif&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;



&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpLast&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 1.25in; text-indent: -0.25in; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Symbol; color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; color: black;&quot;&gt;Verifikasi Formal Perangkat Keras&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;



&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; color: black;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;



&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; color: black;&quot;&gt;Cara proses komputer vision:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;



&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;text-indent: -0.25in;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;1.&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; color: black;&quot;&gt;Image&amp;nbsp;Acqusition
 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;



&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpLast&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; color: black;&quot;&gt;Seperti halnya proses menerjarmahkan suatu citra
atau bentuk sebuah objek dari benda yang mana informasi yang diterima melalui
mata tersebut diterjemahkan oleh otak, maka komputer disini memiliki kamera
untuk menangkap sebuah objek kemudian kamera&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;tersbut menerjemahkan sebuah scene&amp;nbsp;atau image dan dengan bantuan
sinyal listrik di ubah mejadi bilangan biner yang akan digunakan oleh
komputer.&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;



&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; color: black;&quot;&gt;Keluaran dari kamera adalah berupa sinyal
analog,&amp;nbsp;dimana frekuensi dan amplitudonya merepresentasikan
detail&amp;nbsp;ketajaman (brightness)&amp;nbsp;pada scene.&amp;nbsp;Kamera mengamati
sebuah kejadian pada satu jalur dalam satu waktu,&amp;nbsp;dan&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;membaginya menjadi ratusan garis
horizontal&amp;nbsp;yang&amp;nbsp;sama yang mana&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;tiap&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Cambria Math&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; color: black;&quot;&gt;‐&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; color: black;&quot;&gt;tiap garis membuat sebuah
sinyal analog&amp;nbsp;yang amplitudonya menjelaskan perubahan brightness sepanjang
garis sinyal tersebut.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;



&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; color: black;&quot;&gt;Komputer yang tidak dapat bekerja dengan
sinyal analog maka kemudian keluaran tersebut (sinyal analog ) di conventer
menjadi bilangan biner. Bilangan biner tersebut kemudian disimpan dalam memori.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;



&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraph&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: -0.25in; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;2.&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; color: black;&quot;&gt;Imange Processing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;



&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; color: black;&quot;&gt;Image&amp;nbsp;processing&amp;nbsp;membantu
peningkatan dan perbaikan kualitas image,&amp;nbsp;sehingga dapat dianalisa dan di
olah lebih jauh secara lebih efisien dengan&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;meningkatkan perbandingan informasi pada objek gambar terhadap segala
bentuk interferensi pengaburan,&amp;nbsp;yang&amp;nbsp;terjadi pada sebuah objek.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;



&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;text-indent: -0.25in;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;3.&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; color: black;&quot;&gt;Image Analisis&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;



&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; color: black;&quot;&gt;Image&amp;nbsp;analysis&amp;nbsp;digunakan
untuk mencari batasan objek dalam image dengan mengidenfikasi kareteristik
gambar untuk mendapat suatu informasi.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;



&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0in; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; color: black;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;



&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;text-indent: -0.25in;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;4.&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; color: black;&quot;&gt;Image Understanding&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;



&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpLast&quot; style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; color: black;&quot;&gt;Pada bagian ini
akan melibatkan kajian tentang teknik&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Cambria Math&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; color: black;&quot;&gt;‐&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; color: black;&quot;&gt;teknik
artificial&amp;nbsp;intelligent. denagn template&amp;nbsp;matching yang&amp;nbsp;ada dalam
sebuah scene atau gambar. Metoda ini menggunakan program&amp;nbsp;pencarian
(search&amp;nbsp;program)dan teknik penyesuaian pola
(pattern&amp;nbsp;matching&amp;nbsp;techniques).&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;



&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Beberapa
applikasi yang dihasilkan dari Computer Vision antara lain :&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;



&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;



&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Wingdings;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;ü&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Menganalisis
gambar pada kedokteran(SCAN) &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;



&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Wingdings;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;ü&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Pengenalan
karakter dengan menggunakan pencocokan optik&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;



&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Wingdings;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;ü&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Memonitor
sebuah bentuk topografi suatu daerah.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;



&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpLast&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Wingdings;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;ü&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Psychology,
AI &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;






&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Contoh &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;



&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Ada dua belas
bola bilyar, sebelas yang identik dalam berat badan. Sisanya bola-yang
aneh-memiliki berat yang berbeda. Anda tidak diberitahu apakah itu berat atau
ringan. Anda memiliki skala keseimbangan untuk menimbang bola. Dapatkah Anda
menemukan yang bola adalah aneh bola dalam tiga penimbangan, dan dapat Anda
juga mencari tahu apakah itu ringan atau berat dibandingkan yang lain? Ketika
masalah ini cocok disajikan dalam bahasa yang logis, penalaran program otomatis
dapat memecahkannya. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: center; text-indent: -0.25in;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;D.&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;MACHINE
LEARNING&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;Definisi&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Machine learning adalah sebuah
studi yang mempelajari cara untuk memprogram sebuah komputer untuk belajar. Ada
4 kategori besar dimana sebuah aplikasi sulit untuk dibuat. Pertama, bila tidak
ada manusia yang menguasai bidang tersebut. Kedua, bila ada manusia yang
menguasai hal tersebut namun ia tidak mampu untuk menjelaskannya. Ketiga,
adalah saat keadaan dapat berubah dengan cepat. Keempat, bila aplikasi harus
dibuat berbeda untuk masing- masing pengguna.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Cara yang paling sederhana
mendapatkan knowledge adalah rote learning atau menyimpan informasi yang sudah
dikalkulasi. Cara lainnya adalah dengan mendapatkan pengetahuan dari orang lain
yang sudah ahli. Manusia juga dapat belajar melalui pengalaman pemecahan
masalah yang ia lakukan. Setelah berhasil mengatasi sebuah masalah, manusia
akan mengingat struktur dan cara mengatasi masalah tersebut. Apabila manusia
mengalami sebuah masalah yang hampir serupa, maka manusia dapat mengatasi
masalah tersebut secara lebih efisien. Ada banyak cara lain untuk mendapatkan
knowledge dan kita akan membahasnya lebih lanjut di bab- bab selanjutnya.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;Contoh&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Manfaat Machine Learning dalam
kehidupan sehari-hari yaitu speech recognition, fingerprint recognition atau
handwriting recognition. Banyak sekali riset dilakukan untuk menciptakan mesin
yang lebih cerdas. Contoh yang paling mutakhir yang dapat kita lihat adalah
Asimo, sebuah robot cerdas buatan Honda, yang dapat mengenali pemiliknya dan
mengenal emosi. Agar dapat membuat sebuah robot secerdas Asimo, maka beberapa
teknik AI diaplikasikan kedalamnya, seperti speech recognition untuk dapat
berinteraksi, image recognition untuk dapat mengenali wajah pemiliknya dan
mengenali ruangan dan banyak lagi.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraph&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: center; text-indent: -0.25in; line-height: normal;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;E.&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;COMPUTER
VISION&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Definisi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-indent: 0.5in; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;
 
 
&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Computer Vision merupakan &lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;salah satu cabang ilmu pengetahuan yang
mempelajari bagaimana komputer dapat mengenali obyek yang diamati/ diobservasi.
Cabang ilmu ini bersama Intelijensia Semu (Artificial Intelligence) akan mampu
menghasilkan sistem intelijen visual (Visual Intelligence System).&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Computer Vision adalah kombinasi antara Pengolahan Citra dan Pengenalan Pola
yang hubungan antara ketiganya dapat dilihat pada gambar berikut.&lt;br&gt;

&lt;br&gt;
Pengolahan Citra (Image Processing) merupakan bidang yang berhubungan dengan
proses transformasi citra/gambar (image). Proses ini bertujuan untuk
mendapatkan kualitas citra yang lebih baik. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Sedangkan Pengenalan Pola (Pattern Recognition), bidang ini berhubungan dengan
proses identifikasi obyek pada citra atau interpretasi citra. Proses ini
bertujuan untuk mengekstrak informasi/pesan yang disampaikan oleh gambar/citra.&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Beberapa applikasi yang dihasilkan dari Computer Vision antara lain :&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
1. Robotic – navigation and control&lt;br&gt;
2. Medical Image Analysis – measurement and interpretation of many types of &lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;image&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
3. Industrial Inspection – measurement, fault checking, process control &lt;br&gt;
4. Optical Character Recognition – text reading &lt;br&gt;
5. Remote Sensing – land use and environmental monitoring&lt;br&gt;
6. Psychology, AI – exploring representation and computation in natural vision&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: center; text-indent: -0.25in;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;F.&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;ROBOTIC&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;Definisi&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Kecerdasan Buatan (Artificial
Intelligence) dalam robotik adalah suatu algorithma (yang dipandang) cerdas
yang diprogramkan ke dalam kontroler robot. Pengertian cerdas di sini sangat
relatif, karena tergantung dari sisi mana sesorang memandang. Dalam literatur,
orang pertama yang dianggap sebagai pionir dalam mengembangkan mesin cerdas
(intelligence machine) adalah Alan Turing, sorang matematikawan asal Inggris
yang memulai karir saintifiknya di awal tahun 1930-an. Di tahun 1937 ia menulis
paper tentang konsep mesin universal (universal machine). Kemudian, selama
perang dunia ke-2 ia dikenal sebagai pemain kunci dalam penciptaan Enigma,
sebuah mesin encoding milik militer Jerman. Ia dikenal juga sebagai pencipta
pertama program komputer untuk bermain catur, yang kemudian program ini
dikembangkan dan dimainkan di komputer milik Manchester University.
Karya-karyanya ini, yang kemudian dikenal sebagai Turing Machine, dewasa ini
masih dapat ditemukan aplikasi-aplikasinya. Beberapa tulisannya yang berkaitan
dengan prediksi perkembangan komputer di masa datang akhirnya juga ada yang
terbukti. Misalnya tentang ramalannya bahwa di tahun 2000-an komputer akan
mampu melakukan percakapan dengan manusia. Meski tidak ditemukan dalam paper-papernya
tentang istilah tsb, para peneliti di bidang ini sepakat untuk menobatkan
Turing sebagai orang pertama yang mengembangkan kecerdasan buatan.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Dalam aplikasi lain, AI juga
dapat digunakan untuk membantu proses identifikasi model dari sistem robot,
model lingkungan atau gangguan, model dari tugas robot (task) seperti membuat
rencana trajektori, dan sebagainya. Dalam hal ini konsep AI tidak digunakan
secara langsung (direct) ke dalam kontroler, namun lebih bersifat tak langsung
(indirect).&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Berdasarkan penggunaannya robot dapat
digolongkan sebagai:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Wingdings;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Ø&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Robot pribadi (&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;personal robots&lt;/i&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Juga
disebut dengan &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;home robots&lt;/i&gt; (robot
rumah tangga), karena terutama ditujukan untuk membantu pekerjaan-pekerjaan
rumah tangga menjadi lebih otomatis. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Wingdings;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Ø&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Robot industri (&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;industrial robots&lt;/i&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Robot
industri merupakan robot yang digunakan untuk membantu di dalam proses
produksi, misalnya untuk menangani material, mengelas, mengecat, memasang
komponen dan lain sebagainya.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Wingdings;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Ø&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Robot pendidikan (&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;educational robots&lt;/i&gt;).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Robot
pendidikan ini dikembangkan untuk tujuan membantu di dalam mengajar tentang
operai dan penggunaan dari robot industry&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Contoh : &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpLast&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: -0.25in; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Wingdings;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Ø&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;ASIMO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table class=&quot;MsoNormalTable&quot; style=&quot;&quot; align=&quot;right&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; cellspacing=&quot;4&quot;&gt;
 &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;&quot;&gt;
 &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 3pt;&quot;&gt;
 &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;
 
 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
 &lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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 &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
 &lt;/td&gt;
 &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;ASIMO adalah singkatan dari Advanced
Step in Innovative Mobility dan telah datang ke Jakarta pada tanggal 19-27 Juli
yang lalu di pameran Gaikindo.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Dengan tinggi 120 cm, robot ini memiliki
sistem komputerisasi dan sensor-sensor yang dapat mengatur setiap gerakannya
dan memungkinkan bertingkah laku seperti gerakan manusia. ASIMO dapat melangkah
naik dan turun tangga, melambaikan tangan, melakukan langkah dansa, serta
berbicara dalam berbagai bahasa.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Pengembangan teknologi robotika mendapat
perhatian dari para peneliti Jepang, bahkan mereka juga meminta pemerintahnya
untuk melakukan investasi, dengan tujuan di beberapa tahun mendatang dapat diciptakan
mesin yang memiliki intelejensia buatan layaknya anak kecil.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraph&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; line-height: normal;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;DAFTAR REFERENSI&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Dietterich,
Thomas G. (1990). &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Machine Learning&lt;/i&gt;.
Oregon State University&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Legacy dari Great Thinker, hal. 77-134.
Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg New York, 2003. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;CMR10&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Mitchell,
T. M. (1997). &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;CMTI10&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Machine Learning&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;CMR10&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;. McGraw-Hill.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Nilsson,
Nils J. (1996). &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Introduction to Machine
Learning&lt;/i&gt;, Stanford University&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Rich, E dan Knight, K. (1991). &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Artificial Intelligence (second edition)&lt;/i&gt;.
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;McGraw-Hill&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.5in; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Russel, Stuart and Norvig, Peter.
(1995). &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Artificial Intelligence A Modern
Approach&lt;/i&gt;. Prentice Hall.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;Wos, L. A Country. (1999).&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Menarik di Dunia Computing&lt;/i&gt;, World
Scientific, Singapura &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;•&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;http://maria.staff.jak-stik.ac.id/files/materi-kuliah%5B11%5D.doc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; color: black;&quot;&gt;•&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;http://mabruryhasan.blogspot.com/2009/11/kecerdasan-buatan-1.html&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; color: black;&quot;&gt;•&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;http://dhfmanongga.wordpress.com/2007/09/25/pembelajaran-mesin/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; color: black;&quot;&gt;•&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://mabruryhasan.blogspot.com/2009/11/kecerdasan-buatan-1.html&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; color: black;&quot;&gt;http://mabruryhasan.blogspot.com/2009/11/kecerdasan-buatan-1.html&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraph&quot; style=&quot;text-indent: -0.5in; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;•&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; color: black;&quot;&gt;http://karmila.staff.gunadarma.ac.id/Downloads/files/17437/1+Pendahuluan++Kecerdasan+Buatan.pdf&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; color: black;&quot;&gt;•&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;http://www-formal.stanford.edu/clt/ARS/ars-db.html&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; color: black;&quot;&gt;•&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.math.uny.ac.id/felisitassayekti/2009/11/26/natural-language-processing-pengolahan-bahasa-alami/&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; color: black;&quot;&gt;http://blog.math.uny.ac.id/felisitassayekti/2009/11/26/natural-language-processing-pengolahan-bahasa-alami/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraph&quot; style=&quot;text-indent: -0.5in; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;•&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lecturer.eepis-its/&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; color: black;&quot;&gt;http://lecturer.eepis-its&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; color: black;&quot;&gt;.edu/~kangedi/materi%20kuliah/Kecerdasan %20Buatan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</content:encoded>
			<link>https://wolfonline.do.am/news/major_components_of_ai_part_ii/2010-10-20-16</link>
			<category>tuGas camPuz</category>
			<dc:creator>Nazk</dc:creator>
			<guid>https://wolfonline.do.am/news/major_components_of_ai_part_ii/2010-10-20-16</guid>
			<pubDate>Wed, 20 Oct 2010 12:31:40 GMT</pubDate>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title>Free Download from Rapidleech</title>
			<description>&lt;br&gt;Nich sekedar sharing2 aja Gimana sich caranya untuk download dari file hosting hotfile, megaupload, rapidshare, dan sejenisnya. sebenarnya gampang kalau mau download, tapi ada satu masalah yang biKin jengkeL, yaitu disuruh bayar...ckckck. maklUm...orang indo khan paling males bayar,...*awas didenger tetangga...&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; src=&quot;https://wolfonline.do.am/aw.jpg&quot; align=&quot;absMiddle&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Nach, cara download na yaitu&lt;br&gt;1. ketahui url (alamat yang akan download) itu masuk file hosting mana, apakah rapidshare / megaupload / hotfile / sebagainya.&lt;br&gt;2. kunjungi &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rsdad.com&quot;&gt;http://www.rsdad.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;3. pilih file hosting yang ada di rapidleech (sesuaikan dengan url yang anda tuju)&lt;br&gt;4. gampangkan...kalau masich bingung capcus aja ke &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rsdad.com/tut.php&quot;&gt;http://www.rsdad.com/tut.php&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;good Lucck....&lt;br&gt;kalau ga ngerti tanya aja dach...okok</description>
			<content:encoded>&lt;br&gt;Nich sekedar sharing2 aja Gimana sich caranya untuk download dari file hosting hotfile, megaupload, rapidshare, dan sejenisnya. sebenarnya gampang kalau mau download, tapi ada satu masalah yang biKin jengkeL, yaitu disuruh bayar...ckckck. maklUm...orang indo khan paling males bayar,...*awas didenger tetangga...&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; src=&quot;https://wolfonline.do.am/aw.jpg&quot; align=&quot;absMiddle&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Nach, cara download na yaitu&lt;br&gt;1. ketahui url (alamat yang akan download) itu masuk file hosting mana, apakah rapidshare / megaupload / hotfile / sebagainya.&lt;br&gt;2. kunjungi &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rsdad.com&quot;&gt;http://www.rsdad.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;3. pilih file hosting yang ada di rapidleech (sesuaikan dengan url yang anda tuju)&lt;br&gt;4. gampangkan...kalau masich bingung capcus aja ke &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rsdad.com/tut.php&quot;&gt;http://www.rsdad.com/tut.php&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;good Lucck....&lt;br&gt;kalau ga ngerti tanya aja dach...okok</content:encoded>
			<link>https://wolfonline.do.am/news/free_download_rapichleech/2010-10-16-15</link>
			<category>tiPz &amp; tRikz</category>
			<dc:creator>Nazk</dc:creator>
			<guid>https://wolfonline.do.am/news/free_download_rapichleech/2010-10-16-15</guid>
			<pubDate>Sat, 16 Oct 2010 11:44:10 GMT</pubDate>
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